Inducible Interleukin 32 (IL-32) Exerts Extensive Antiviral Function via Selective Stimulation of Interferon λ1 (IFN-λ1)

Regulation of IFN-λ1 promoter activity (IFN-λ1/IL-29) in human airway epithelial cells.

The type III (λ) IFNs (IFN-λ1, IFN-λ2, and IFN-λ3) and their receptor are the most recently discovered IFN family. They are induced by viruses and mediate antiviral activity, but type III IFNs have an important, specific functional niche at the immune/epithelial interface, as well as in the regulation of Th2 cytokines. Their expression appears diminished in bronchial epithelial cells of rhinovi...

Important Role of the IL-32 Inflammatory Network in the Host Response against Viral Infection

The pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-32 has gained much attention recently because of its important role in the inflammatory network. Since the discovery of IL-32 in 2005, our appreciation for its diverse roles continues to grow. Recent studies have discovered the antiviral effects induced by IL-32 and its associated regulatory mechanisms. The interactions between IL-32 and various cy...

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Induces Interleukin-32 Production through a Caspase- 1/IL-18/Interferon-y-Dependent Mechanism

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Induces Interleukin-32 Production through a Caspase- 1/IL-18/Interferon-γ-Dependent Mechanism

BACKGROUND Interleukin (IL)-32 is a newly described proinflammatory cytokine that seems likely to play a role in inflammation and host defense. Little is known about the regulation of IL-32 production by primary cells of the immune system. METHODS AND FINDINGS In the present study, freshly obtained human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated with different Toll-like receptor (TLR...

I-32: Avoiding OHSS in Ovarian Stimulation

Multiple pregnancies and ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome (OHSS) are the most serious complications of ovarian stimulation and IVF. Indeed, they are more or less the only ones. OHSS can effectively be prevented in three stages: Before stimulation, during stimulation and at ET. Before stimulation patients should be assessed as to age, the ovarian follicular count and/or anti mullerian hormone ...